HAZOP (Hazard and Operability) is a systematic approach used to identify potential hazards and operability problems in industrial processes and systems. The goal of HAZOP is to systematically identify potential problems by examining the process or system under review in detail and analyzing deviations from normal operating conditions (known as “nodes” in HAZOP terminology). This process allows for a thorough understanding of the potential issues that could arise and helps to identify ways to mitigate those issues. HAZOP studies are commonly used in industries such as chemical, oil and gas, and pharmaceutical manufacturing.